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Do I Need a Permit for a Shed?
The 200 square foot rule
Section R105.2 of the IRC, which most US towns base their codes on, says one-story detached accessory structures such as tool and storage sheds don't need a building permit if the floor area doesn't exceed 200 square feet. A 10x20 shed is exactly 200 sq ft; a 12x16 is 192 sq ft.
| Common size | Square feet | Under 200 sq ft? |
|---|---|---|
| 8x10 | 80 | Yes |
| 10x12 | 120 | Yes |
| 12x16 | 192 | Yes |
| 10x20 | 200 | Yes (at the limit) |
| 12x20 | 240 | No |
Many towns adopt a smaller exemption, often 120 square feet, so a 12x16 may still need a permit where you live.
Rules that apply even without a permit
- Setbacks. Minimum distances from property lines, fences and your house.
- Height limits for accessory buildings.
- Easements for utilities, where you can't build.
- HOA rules on size, color and placement.
- Electrical and plumbing, which usually need their own permits.
Rules vary a lot. In Barrington, New Hampshire, for example, sheds of 200 square feet or less are exempt from both the building permit and property line setbacks, while larger sheds must meet the setback table.
How to check your local rules
- Search for your city or county name plus "accessory structure permit" or "shed permit."
- Look for the building department's handout on accessory structures.
- Call or email the building department with your shed's size, height and location.
- Check your HOA covenants if you have them.
What will your shed cost?
Our free calculator compares building it yourself, buying a kit and hiring a builder for your exact size.
Open the shed cost calculatorCommon questions
What size shed can I build without a permit?
Under the International Residential Code, one-story accessory buildings up to 200 square feet are exempt from a building permit. Many towns adopt a lower limit, often 120 square feet, so check locally.
Does a shed with electricity need a permit?
Usually yes. Even when the building itself is exempt, electrical and plumbing work generally need their own permits and a licensed pro.
What happens if I build a shed without a required permit?
Your town may require you to apply after the fact, pay fines, modify the shed or remove it, and it can come up when you sell your home.